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br Materials and methods br Results br Discussion CUs which
2025-02-21
Materials and methods Results Discussion CUs, which have been used as traditional medicine for thousands of years in East Asian countries, have the potential to be used for cancer chemoprevention and chemotherapy [17], [18], [19], [20]. CuB is one of the most promising agents as it is repor
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Having demonstrated that Gq coupled mGluR a was necessary
2025-02-21
Having demonstrated that Gq-coupled mGluR1a was necessary for estradiol-induced enhancement of CREB phosphorylation, we hypothesized that activation of a separate G-protein signaling pathway could explain the effect of estradiol on L-type calcium channel signaling (Boulware et al., 2005). Indeed, in
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In conclusion we report that
2025-02-21
In conclusion, we report that the widely prescribed drug VPA exerts therapeutic effects on optic nerve demyelination and retinal degeneration in a mouse model of MS. Our findings raise an interesting possibility that combination therapy of VPA and ASK1 inhibition may be useful for treatment of autoi
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It is reported that calpain plays
2025-02-21
It is reported that calpain-2 plays a critical role in BDNF-induced signaling and memory formation, and knockdown of calpain-2, but not calpain-1, completely suppresses BDNF-induced pathway activation and protein translation (Briz et al., 2013). BDNF prevents neuronal apoptosis or death (Ferrer et a
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Another interesting aspect of neutralizing AP is
2025-02-21
Another interesting aspect of neutralizing AP-1 is the inhibition of interactions between AP-1 and Smad proteins, which synergize to activate the TGF-β1-responsive genes involved in hypertrophic growth of the heart muscle and in the development of cardiac fibrosis. Through preventing AP-1 activation
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br Materials and methods br Results br Discussion
2025-02-21
Materials and methods Results Discussion Recently, we showed that stimulation of TRPM3 and TRPC6 channels triggers a signaling cascade leading to the activation of AP-1 [11], [12], [13], [15]. The objective of this study was to investigate whether stimulation of TRPV1 channels leads to an a
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Several strategies have been employed to design and
2025-02-21
Several strategies have been employed to design and engineer peptide biosensors of kinase activity, which are quite different from the strategies developed to generate genetically encoded KARs. In all cases, WIKI4 induces changes in the spectral properties of the fluorophore(s) incorporated into th
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In addition to differential expression of AR
2025-02-21
In addition to differential expression of AR protein primarily in surgical specimens, genetic alterations involving the AR gene have been documented in human vadadustat cancer. Loss of heterozygosity at the AR locus was identified in all 3 informative cases of muscle-invasive bladder tumors, wherea
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MAPs require divalent transition metal ions as cofactors
2025-02-20
MAPs require divalent transition metal ions as cofactors for activity [21]. Previous studies on MAPs from different organisms indicate cobalt ions to be the most preferred divalent metal activator [22]. However, MAPs also exhibit activity with other divalent cations like Mn(II), Ca(II), Ni(II) or Fe
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br cDNA cloning gene structure and chromosomal localization
2025-02-20
cDNA cloning, gene structure and chromosomal localization The cDNA for the leukocyte-type 12S-lipoxygenase was first cloned from porcine leukocytes [9], and later from mouse [10], [11], rat [12], [13], bovine [14] and rabbit [15] sources. The cDNA for the platelet-type 12S-lipoxygenase cDNA has b
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br Depletion of serum amino acids Currently the only
2025-02-20
Depletion of serum amino acids Currently, the only anticancer agents that directly target amino Aureomycin EP impurity L metabolism are bacterial l-asparaginases (from Escherichia coli and Erwinia chrysanthemi), which are FDA-approved for treatment of pediatric and adult ALL. A potential complica
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Corticosterone induced inhibition of OCT mediated transport
2025-02-20
Corticosterone-induced inhibition of OCT-mediated transport is rapid and appears to involve direct interaction of the steroid with the transporter at a specific site. Volk et al. (2003) studied OCT2-mediated transport by measuring substrate-induced currents using patch clamp of Xenopus oocytes exoge
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Preclinical models indicate roles for adiponectin in the mai
2025-02-20
Preclinical models indicate roles for adiponectin in the maintenance of hepatic lipid metabolism. Adiponectin overexpression prevents accumulation of triglycerides or the deleterious lipid metabolites diacylglycerols or ceramides [5,8]. Direct manipulation of adiponectin expression demonstrates a po
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br Conflict of Interest br Transparency Document
2025-02-20
Conflict of Interest Transparency Document Introduction Mitoxantrone (MXT) is an androstenedione chemotherapeutic agent that is used to treat acute nonlymphocytic leukemia, acute lymphoblastic leukemia, prostate cancer, metastatic breast cancer, and non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma [13], [14]. It is
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br Adenosine as a mediator of procedures used
2025-02-20
Adenosine as a mediator of procedures used to manage pain The issue of caffeine Caffeine, from dietary sources, is perhaps the most widely consumed behaviorally active agent in the world (Fredholm et al., 1999). Initial characterization indicated caffeine had a higher affinity at A1−, A2A− and
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